Pets Need Dental Care Too!

Before Dental Cleaning                          After Dental Cleaning

An estimated 85% of dogs and cats over the age of four have some form of periodontal disease. Periodontal disease is an irreversible condition that results from untreated gingivitis and tartar accumulation. You should be looking for any signs indicative of dental disease and doing your best to prevent it.

As in humans, bacterial plaque adheres to the surface of teeth. If plaque is not removed in a timely manner, it mineralizes to form tartar. Tartar is readily identified by its brownish color, and it normally accumulates near the gum edge, especially on the back teeth. The build-up of tartar and bacteria leads to infection, gingivitis, and eventually periodontal disease. Bacteria from the teeth and gums can enter the bloodstream resulting in infections of major organs. The lungs, heart, kidney, and liver are most commonly affected.

Signs suggesting periodontal disease may include a decreased interest in eating or showing a reluctance to eat even after approaching the food bowl. Pets may eat with discomfort, drop food from their mouth, or swallow with difficulty. Most pets will show a preference toward moist or canned food and almost all pets with periodontal disease have bad breath.

If your pet has any of the above-mentioned signs, you should take him/her to your family veterinarian for a thorough examination. Your veterinarian may recommend having your pet’s teeth cleaned under general anesthesia. This involves ultrasonic and hand scaling, polishing the teeth, and a fluoride treatment.

Home dental care is the best way to prevent periodontal disease. The most effective way to reduce plaque and tartar is by brushing your pet’s teeth on a daily basis. A variety of toothbrushes and pastes are available from your veterinarian. Do not use human toothpaste as these are not intended to be regularly swallowed and could cause problems. With gentleness, patience, and perseverance, it is possible to prevent a battle with periodontal disease.

Chad Smith, D.V.M.